Printing Materials
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Anticonvulsant Drugs
KLAUS & FANAROFF’S CARE OF THE HIGH-RISK NEONAT, 2013; Drug Dosing Table, McClary J/ Anticonvulsants
| Medication (Trade Name)
Route of Administration |
Dosing | Important Adverse Events
|
| Diazepam
IV
|
Initial loading dose: 0.1 mg/kg
Give IV dose over 3-5 Min Repeat dose prn based on response |
Respiratory depression,
hypotension
|
| Levetiracetam
IV, PO |
Give IV dose over 15 min
10-60 mg/kg/day divided every 12-24 hr |
Sedation, irritability |
| Lorazepam
(Ativan) PO/IV/IM |
PO/IV/IM: 0.05-0.01 mg/kg repeated
based on clinical response Slow push |
Hypotension, respiratory depression, rhythmic myoclonic jerking, phlebitis |
| Midazolam
(Versed) PO/IV/IM/IN/SL
|
IV push/IM: 0.05-0.15 mg/kg q2-4h prn
Continuous IV infusion: 0.01-0.06 mg/kg/hr, titrated as needed IN/SL: 0.2 mg/kg PO: 0.25 mg/kg Slow push over at least 5 min |
Hypotension, respiratory depression,
myoclonus |
| Phenobarbital
(Luminal) PO/IV/IM
|
Loading dose: 20 mg/kg IV; repeat 5-10 mg/kg prn to total 40 mg/kg
Maintenance dose: 3-5 mg/kg q24h IV, IM, or PO Give IV dose over 10-15 min |
Extravasation, respiratory depression, sedation, elevated liver enzymes |
| Phenytoin
(Dilantin) PO/IV
|
Loading dose: 15-20 mg/kg IV
Maintenance dose: 4-8 mg/kg IV or PO q24h Give IV dose over 30 min Max infusion rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min |
Bradycardia, arrhythmia, and hypotension during infusion; extravasation; rickets; nystagmus;
gingivitis |